Scientists Mystified, Concerned, as Africa Avoids COVID Disaster
2021-11-28
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1When the coronavirus first appeared last year, health officials feared the pandemic would kill millions in Africa.
2Although it's unclear how many COVID-19 will kill, the horrible, predicted events have not happened.
3Scientists note that getting true COVID-19 numbers is extremely difficult,
4especially in some African countries.
5They also warn that cases could easily increase again.
6Wafaa El-Sadr is the chair of international health at Columbia University in New York.
7She said there is something "mysterious" going on in Africa that scientists are questioning:
8"Africa doesn't have the vaccines and resources to fight COVID-19 that they have in Europe and the U.S.,
9but somehow they seem to be doing better," she said.
10Fewer than 6 percent of Africans are vaccinated.
11For months, the World Health Organization (WHO) has described Africa as
12"one of the least affected regions in the world" in its weekly pandemic reports.
13Some researchers say the continent's younger population, more rural life,
14and the amount of time spent outdoors may have saved it from COVID-19 related deaths.
15Several studies are researching for other reasons, including genes or past infections with parasites.
16On November 19,
17researchers in Uganda said they found a connection with COVID-19 patients
18and those who have had a history with the disease malaria.
19They said those patients were less likely to have severe COVID-19
20or death compared to those with little history of the disease.
21Christian Happi is the director of the African Center of Excellence for Genomics of Infectious Diseases
22at Redeemer's University in Nigeria.
23He said officials are used to dealing with outbreaks even without vaccines.
24He credited the extensive organization of community health workers.
25"It's not always about how much money you have or how sophisticated your hospitals are," he said.
26Devi Sridhar is the chair of international public health at the University of Edinburgh.
27She said African leaders have not gotten credit for acting quickly, noting Mali's decision to close its borders before COVID-19 even arrived.
28"I think there's a different cultural approach in Africa,
29where these countries have approached COVID with a sense of humility
30 because they've experienced things like Ebola, polio and malaria," Sridhar said.
31Ebola and polio are also infectious diseases.
32In the past months,
33the coronavirus hit South Africa hard and is estimated to have killed more than 89,000 people there.
34It is by far the most deaths on the continent.
35African officials note the numbers could not be right,
36but they are not reporting the huge, expected numbers of COVID-related deaths.
37WHO information shows deaths in Africa make up just 3 percent of the world total.
38In comparison, deaths in the Americas are 46 percent and Europe has 29 percent.
39In Nigeria, Africa's most populous country,
40 the government has recorded nearly 3,000 deaths so far among its 200 million people.
41The U.S. records that many deaths every two or three days.
42The low numbers have Nigerians like Opemipo Are, a 23-year-old in Abuja, feeling better.
43"They said there will be dead bodies on the streets and all that, but nothing like that happened," she said.
44Oyewale Tomori is a Nigerian virologist who sits on several WHO advisory groups.
45He believes that Africa might not need as many vaccines as the West.
46The disputed idea is being seriously discussed by African scientists.
47That doesn't mean, however, that vaccines are not needed in Africa.
48Salim Abdool Karim studies pandemics at South Africa's University of KwaZulu-Natal
49and advised South Africa's government on COVID-19.
50He said, "We need to be vaccinating all out to prepare for the next wave."
51He added, "Looking at what's happening in Europe, the likelihood of more cases spilling over here is very high."
52I'm Gregory Stachel.
1When the coronavirus first appeared last year, health officials feared the pandemic would kill millions in Africa. Although it's unclear how many COVID-19 will kill, the horrible, predicted events have not happened. 2Scientists note that getting true COVID-19 numbers is extremely difficult, especially in some African countries. They also warn that cases could easily increase again. 3Wafaa El-Sadr is the chair of international health at Columbia University in New York. She said there is something "mysterious" going on in Africa that scientists are questioning: "Africa doesn't have the vaccines and resources to fight COVID-19 that they have in Europe and the U.S., but somehow they seem to be doing better," she said. 4Fewer than 6 percent of Africans are vaccinated. For months, the World Health Organization (WHO) has described Africa as "one of the least affected regions in the world" in its weekly pandemic reports. 5Some researchers say the continent's younger population, more rural life, and the amount of time spent outdoors may have saved it from COVID-19 related deaths. Several studies are researching for other reasons, including genes or past infections with parasites. 6On November 19, researchers in Uganda said they found a connection with COVID-19 patients and those who have had a history with the disease malaria. They said those patients were less likely to have severe COVID-19 or death compared to those with little history of the disease. 7Christian Happi is the director of the African Center of Excellence for Genomics of Infectious Diseases at Redeemer's University in Nigeria. He said officials are used to dealing with outbreaks even without vaccines. He credited the extensive organization of community health workers. 8"It's not always about how much money you have or how sophisticated your hospitals are," he said. 9Devi Sridhar is the chair of international public health at the University of Edinburgh. She said African leaders have not gotten credit for acting quickly, noting Mali's decision to close its borders before COVID-19 even arrived. 10"I think there's a different cultural approach in Africa, where these countries have approached COVID with a sense of humility because they've experienced things like Ebola, polio and malaria," Sridhar said. 11Ebola and polio are also infectious diseases. 12In the past months, the coronavirus hit South Africa hard and is estimated to have killed more than 89,000 people there. It is by far the most deaths on the continent. African officials note the numbers could not be right, but they are not reporting the huge, expected numbers of COVID-related deaths. WHO information shows deaths in Africa make up just 3 percent of the world total. In comparison, deaths in the Americas are 46 percent and Europe has 29 percent. 13In Nigeria, Africa's most populous country, the government has recorded nearly 3,000 deaths so far among its 200 million people. The U.S. records that many deaths every two or three days. 14The low numbers have Nigerians like Opemipo Are, a 23-year-old in Abuja, feeling better. "They said there will be dead bodies on the streets and all that, but nothing like that happened," she said. 15Oyewale Tomori is a Nigerian virologist who sits on several WHO advisory groups. He believes that Africa might not need as many vaccines as the West. The disputed idea is being seriously discussed by African scientists. 16That doesn't mean, however, that vaccines are not needed in Africa. 17Salim Abdool Karim studies pandemics at South Africa's University of KwaZulu-Natal and advised South Africa's government on COVID-19. He said, "We need to be vaccinating all out to prepare for the next wave." He added, "Looking at what's happening in Europe, the likelihood of more cases spilling over here is very high." 18I'm Gregory Stachel. 19Maria Cheng and Farai Mutsaka reported this story for The Associated Press. Gregory Stachel adapted it for VOA Learning English. Susan Shand was the editor. 20__________________________________________________ 21Words in This Story 22region - n. a part of a country or of the world that is different or separate from other parts in some way 23parasite - n. an animal or plant that lives in or on another animal or plant and gets food or protection from it 24sophisticated - adj. highly developed and complex 25approach - n. a way of dealing with something: a way of doing or thinking about something 26humility - n. the quality or state of not thinking you are better than other people